Erected on 28 October 1925 by Pius XI in lieu of the Diocese of Sejny and subordinated to the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Vilnius, and as of 1992 to the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Białystok. The capital of the diocese is Łomża with the Cathedral of St. Michael the Archangel. The patrons of the diocese are St. Bruno Boniface of Querfurt, bishop and martyr, and St. Andrew Bobola, presbyter and martyr.